Machine-tool.



A. FpRocKwELL.

,M'AcHlNE TooL.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 3l. 191,2.

Patented June 8, 1915.

` ATTORNEY,

To'allwh'om it mag/concern; 4 v

Be it known that I, ALBERT F. ROCKWELL, a citizen of the United States, residing 'at Bristol, county of Hartford,State of Connecticut, have inventeda certain new and'f 'useful Machine-Tool, of Which the following.4

. isa full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in theart tol which Y it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying draw- I ings,.f'orming partbf this specication.

My invention relates to machine tools and more Aparticularly to lathes, milling ,machinesand the like having -a rotatable shaft or spindle which is subjected toa lateral or y radial load during the operation of thema- In lathes andthellilne.v as heretofore constructed, a difficulty has been that the 'spindle, when subjected to a laterally or radially applied`l load such, for example, as thatof ,the cutting tool, would be forced out of line l-or center, resulting in untrue cutting of the i" Work. This diiiiculty has been apparent in plain bearings since the spindle Would shift to one side due to theinecessary clearance provided for lubrication.A It has 'also been apparent-in attempts to support the spindle in antifriction bearings as a race member connected' to the spindle. could shift radially toward its coperating race member' permitting the spindle to shift out ofv center.

This. action would occur when a load, such astha't ofthe cutting tool and vhavinga radial component, was applied to` thespmdle.

' It Was due to the fact that all of the antifriction members Were-not at all times, f cluding the time of application of the load,1 held under pressure between the race memy bers and the racemembers at all times forced a lathe or. the like Whose spindle is mounted in antifriction bearings the race members of l which' at all times press against all the antifriction members and hold all ofsuch antifriction members at v all vtimes under pressure up'on their races.

Another 'object is to' provide .means forl `ALBERT F. ROCKWELL, oF BnIsToL; CONNECTIUT, Ass'IeNon-To THE NEW -jnnrairr4 URE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, or ,imrsTort CONNECTICUT, ACCRPQRATIQN or1 MACHINE-Toer..

l constantly holding' a lathe spindle so'that it Willrun'absolutely true even under a heavy 'laterally orradially l applied load, such asl -that of -the4 cutting'tooL. f

Specificationpt Lettersl Patent. l Patlited June 8,1915; I c yapplication fnedtotber, 31,1912. serial 1ra-728,793. l i

Another object is to provide a latheor the .i

like in Whichftlie spindle is securely held `against the slightest tendency toward lateral or radial movement.

' -Another object is to provide an `anvtyifric`v tion bearing for-the spindle in which all vof l v the balls have equal bearing. V I

To these`ends and also to improve gener-y ally upon devices of the' character indicated,

my invention consistsl in the various matters f hereinafter described and claimed.

1- In .the accompanyingdravving,.the 'figure ,I

represents. a substantially diametrical. `section of lathe head having my invention embodied therein. 'f

While not restricting my invention tlrerev' i Y to, 'I show andfdescribe alatheembodyin'g ,A my invention. In the embodiment of myinl ventionv here illustrated; there isshown the usual lathe head framevl carrying, rotatably supported therein, the spindle 2, Withgits centerV 3. The spindleii's driven by the usual step pulley 4 either directly throughthe gea 5 or through thegear 6, and-backv gears. (not 'shown-)Q The Vspin-dle 2 is supported in the lathe u frame byantifriction bearings-7 and 8 havy ing,each`, bearing surfaces extending-ina generally oblique line,'g'ivingangular contact for the antifriction members,` and cafst pableof taking both radial' and ,thrust loads', L

and Whose inner race members 9rand 10,re .f f I spectively, Vlare securely fixed upon thejspindle against longitudinal sliding. l

The outer race member 11 of the bearing i '7 isJ fixed against longitudinal-*sliding While I the 'outer' member .12 of-the bearing:y 8 is p.

vslidably mounted vBetween `a ixedvabutplacedsprings 14:l under compressioll.-A These 1 lment .13 andthe slidable race member 12`are' springs -foreethe race member 12 againstv all theballs 15, and the race member, .cone-9, u

against all the balls 1G and the balls 16 against the Irace member 11 Withsuch a pressure as to always hold the balls 15 and 16 underA pressure .upon 4their racevvays "And such vpressure is sufficiently great to v-insurethan even under a heavy laterally'orl radially appliedload .(such as that of the tool), such pressure 1s not `overcome and ,even those balls of that portion of the bearing which.does not directly support such load will yet be held under pressure (from the springs) between the r'aceways,l whereby such balls and the races are heldin close intimate contact under pressure at all times.

Thus there can be no yielding of an inner race'member'laterallyor radially toward its coperating outer racen member. Thus the spindle remains true on its support under a" laterally `or radially applied load, that is, one hav-ing a radial vcomponent tending to force thef's'pi'ndle s'idewise or out of center on the supper-'msnen as that of the cutting tool. Furthermore`,'since the springs maintain the raceways and antifriction members in constant Yintimate Contact -atxalltimes,

even should the parts become worn suchl wear lwill be at once taken u p and the' spin-v elleA will yet run true and be unyielding towardany tendency' toward lateral orradial movement. Thus, in the illustrated embodiment there are provided a plurality jof bearings have bearing surfaces extending each in a generally oblique line and capable of taking a radial and a thrust load and here shown as the antifriction bearings Tand 8,

and thrust meanslforso powerfully forcing one ofv the bearing members, as race member 12, of one of the bearings, as v8, toward 'its coperating bearing member, as race member 10, andthe bearing member, as 9, yof' another bearing, as 7, toward its cooperating bearing member, as l1., as ,to pre# clude any possible lateral or radial shifting of the spindle in its support and to take up any wear between "the bearing surfaces.

AThe thrust means,l pressure device, com-A pensator, orpressureabutment for 'forcing one 'of the bearing members may conveniently be the. springs lLtabove referred to. I nd springshighly satisfactory as 'they arecomparatively inexpensive and 'easily installed.

Toinsure the accuracy and agreement of the two inneriraceways, I prefer to assemblevthem upon the spindle and grind them on vthe same center. "To insure the proper working relation between the inner race member, as 9, and xthe outer race member, as

. l1, prefer to laterally c urve the rim of the outer race member upon a spherical surfacel whose centeris at the intersection ofthe longitudinal\.axis of the spindle and the line .seat asa'ndicated at y. Evidently, with this connecting the centers of opposite balls and perpendicular to said aXis, as indicated at'- m, and'to form the supportof-such outer race member with a coperating'lilre'curved arrangement the outer race member vl1 will true with the inner when the. parts are rassembled, resulting '1n equal bearing yfor the balls, Moreover, the force ofl the springs maintains the parts in proper position. v l v Conveniently, andA as here shown, the

fixed abutment 13 for the springs 14 may be y a part ofthe lathe frame. The sliding of theraca members 9 and 10 may be conveniently.' prevented by the circular nuts x17 and '1,8 .screwed `upon the spindle, while obviously the' surfaces w and 2/ above referred to 'prevent longitudinal sliding of the race member 11. In the illustrated device the stepped pulley ,4 is rotatably supported upon the spindle 2 by means of the antifriction bearings 19 and 20. For convenience in assembling, the abutment 13 may be in the character of' a circular plate held to theframe casting by the bolts 21. Also the support for the outer race member 11 may be composed of matching 'sections 22 and 23 held upon the rframe casting and fixed with relationl to each other by the bolts 24.

The pulley may be diametrically split in' the .well known manner to facilitate' V'its mounting upon andl removal from the spindle.

1t will be seen that l have provided a lathe in which the spindle is antifriction-- ally mounted and is always securely held against anytendency toward shifting out of i true under the load of the tool and in which all wear is taken upso that theparts cann'ot work loose, and in which all of the antifriction members have equal bearing.

Having thus describedmy invention, what I claim as'new'and desire to secure by Let-l ters Patent isz. 5 1. In a lathe and the like havingan'anti- ,friction mounting forits spindle, the combinationr with a spindle adapted to receive a radial load and antifriction means for supporting said spindle; such antifri'ction means comprising race members each provided with a raceway and vantifriction 'members between said -race vmembers and traveling upon sald .racewaysgv of. means'posltioned and ar' ranged with respect to *and operatively con` neeted withsaid race .members and said antifriction members for' holding the'antifrio tion members, including those members away g from'v which said spindle-tends to shift under said load', 'under lpressure upon and in' con- A stant contact with. said raceways during all. times `of applicationof said load,`whereby friction members therebetween, each race' member having its raceway extending i'n a line generallyoblique to the line of said spindle and Amatching vraceways. being gen-A race member with antifriction members.

erally parallel, 'and means, for forcing cer-1 tain of said race members toward a matching race member to atrallv times hold all of said antifriction members under pressure between Isaid races;.substa'ntially as described. 3. In-a lathe andthe-like, aspindle adaptedto receive. a radial load, a plurality o'f antifriction bearings supportingsaid spindle and surrounding the same, two of said bear- 1ngs\com p r1s1ng-each an `inner and an outer therebetween, the inner members being lixed against slidingalong the spindle and having an. oblique 'raceway 4extendingl away from theline of said spindle and away from. vthe other inner member, each outer race each - member having an oblique raceway1extend- '2.5 at all timesholding all of said antifriction ing generally parallel to-that of its'matching inner racemember and one of said outer race members being fixed against slidingalong the line of the spindleand the other race Y' lmember being slidable alongsaid line, means forcing said 'slidablefrace member toward 1ts -cope'rating antifrlctlon members and away fr em thefiXed outer race memberl for members inf intimate contact with respecti'ye racewaysj substantially as des'crbed. n 4. Ina device ofthe character indicated,

an antifriction bearing comprising. an inner and an outer race member-with antifrlction 'members therebetween, and a support for the'outer race member, there being means' between said support and said outer race.'

member for'causing the antifrictionv members to bear equally substantiallyas describedf 5. In a Idevice ofthe character indicated,

an antifriction bearing comprising an lnner 4 0 i and an outer racemember and antifric'tion members therebetween, and a support for the outer race lmemberand providing a seat therefor, said outer race member and said seat being formed to insure the equal bearing of-said antifriction members upon said race members; vsubstantially a-s described.

6. -In a device ofthe character indicated,

, anantifriction bearingco'm-prising an inner said bearing upon upon said race members;

being correspondcenters of opposite antifriction `members;`

substantially as described. 7. In a device ofthe character indicated,-

a shaft adapted to receive'a'radial load, an

antifriction bearingtherefor and surrounding the same and comprising an inner andan omer-racer member and. antifrictlon mem` bers' therebetween,and a support forl said" `outer race member, there beingmeans between said support and saidvouter race me'mber for causingtheantifriction'membersto Y bear equal'lyluponv said racemembers under .said-load; substantially as `described.x `SIn a device ofthe character indicated,

a'shaft adapted to receive a radial load, an -I antifriction'bearing therefor. and surround@ ingthesame and. comprising an inner andan outer racenemberand ant1fr1ct1onmem-` bers therebetween, a support for said outer race member, "and means for applying a ,thrust'load tosaidl shaft, therebeing means between'said support and sai'd louter race bers to. bear equally 'upon said members a shaft an antifriction bearing therefor se 4member for-causingsaid antifrictionvmem-"m under said loads; substantially as --described 9. In a .deviceof the 'character indicated',-

comprising an .inner v and an outer ra'cemem-- ber and antifriction members therebetween,

` a 'support for said outer racenmenber, there being means between said' support and `said outer vrac e member for permitting said antifriction'members4 to bear equally `upon'thel 1 raceways of said race members whenjthe parts `are in normal position, and means for substantially as-described.

maintaining said parts invnormal-.position; 1- 95 `1Q. yIn adevice of the character indicated, a shaft adapted to receivea radial load, an.

antifrictio'n bearing therefor comprising anv inner and 4an .outer race member-'andantif for Vsaid v'outer' racelmember, there' being friction members'- therebetween, a, supportl means between said vsupport and. said v outer mal' position; .substantially as described. 1

Witnesses: j I i VERNER A.'GREE NE,

In testimony whereof, -.I hereunto -aiix my, signature, inthe presence'ofrtwowitnesses.. s

` ALBERTRROCKWELL' yjfrace member forlpermitting {said antifricv` tion'members to bear elnally upon the race- -ways of said race'mem` position', and'mean'slfor pre4 venting shiftingrf "saidshaft underfsaid i" loa-d and formaintaining said parts in nor- Itis hereby certified that' in Letters Patent No. '1,1417 30, granted June 8, 1915,

'uponfthe-application lof Albert F. Roelrwell, of Bristol, Connecticut, for anim;

provement in Machine-Tools, an .error appears in the printed specification requiring' Correction as follows: Plage 2, 'line 26, for the Word have read having; A und that thel said Letters Patent should' berend with 'this correction therein that ythe saine may eonforin to the reeordof the CaSe inthe Patent Oee.

Signed and sealed this 29th dey of June, A. D., 1915. y

[SEAL-1 d J. T. NEWTON,

Acting Uoimw'ssz'oner of Patents. 

